Fundamentals Of Seismic Data Processing

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Synthesis

Day 1 :FUNDAMENTALS OF SEISMIC REFLECTIONPrinciples of seismic methods
Propagation in a stratified medium
The shot point domain
Equation of direct waves, refracted waves and reflected waves in the (X,T) plane
Diffracted waves
Anatomy of a shot point

Exercises

Day 2 :
SIZE OF DATA AND PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
Size of data: a 3-D example
Computation complexity
Conventional and modern processing
Key components of data processing

CONVOLUTIONAL MODEL OF THE EARTH
Geological models of the earth
Genesis of the seismic trace

Exercises

Day 3 :
PRINCIPLES OF SEISMIC DATA PROCESSING
General expression of the seismic trace
Objectives of the processing
Estimation of the reflectivity log
Standard processing sequence

DECONVOLUTION
Purpose of deconvolution
Spiking deconvolution
Predictive deconvolution
Results of deconvolution

Exercises

Day 4 :
VELOCITY ANALYSIS AND STACKING
Seismic velocity in data processing
NMO correction
Velocity analysis in practice
Seismic velocities derived from processing
Inaccuracy of the stack section

Exercises

Day 5 :
SEISMIC IMAGING BY MIGRATION
Migration principles
Effects of migration
Criteria of migration type selection
Post-stack migration
Pre-stack migration
Depth migration

Exercises
Exam

Language

English

Audience type

Students in geology and geophysicsStudents in reservoir engineeringStudents in petroleum and production engineeringAll students dedicated to oil and gas industry who want to understand how seismic data are elaborated and what this data can bring to their future activities

Planned duration

5 days of a duration of 4 hours per day are recommended

Support material

Print-out of selected slides with four slides per pages. No digital files will be provided.

Prerequisite

The course is dictated in English and good understanding of this language is required.All participants must have good knowledge in 2-D seismic technique.

Objectives

Participants will learn fundamental concepts of data processing and the different processes that allow to transform shot point data to seismic pictures ready for interpretation.To do that we have to understand where the seismic trace came from at how we can quantify mathematically this trace.Processing techniques will be passed in review putting emphasis on main parameters that have to be investigated in each step of the processing.Un-migrated seismic sections have many uncertainties that have to be corrected by migration. Migration can be done post stack or pre-stack, in time or depth. These different techniques will be briefly presented.